| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
11 |
Develop and maintain monitoring program |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Demographic Studies |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
121 |
Continue to restrict human access |
Ongoing Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation |
Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
122 |
Maintain genetic stock ex situ |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
Botanical Gardens, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Propagation, Research: Population Surveys |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
Full genetic collections of the three species in this plan are not complete, largely due to the limited access to this small island. Amaranthus brownii is particularly difficult, since the annual plant grows in the winter months, when rough seas make it impossible to land on the island most of the winter. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
123 |
Control alien plants |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control |
Volunteer, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited due to the infrequent visits to the island. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
124 |
Control alien insects, if they pose a threat |
Ongoing Current |
FY 2000 - FY 2004 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Predator and Competitor Control |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited due to the infrequent visits to the island. In the past few years, however, the NWR has put large effort into controlling an introduced grasshopper that is eating all of the vegetation on the island, including these three species. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
1251 |
Continue regular surveys for aliens on Nihoa |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Predation, Research: Competition |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited due to the infrequent visits to the island and infrequent space on boats for botanists to participate. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
1252 |
Install and maintain remote monitors |
Not Started |
|
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Population Surveys, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Disease |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
126 |
Monitor for rodents and control, if necessary |
Ongoing Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (formerly Animal Damage Control), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Population Surveys |
Graduate Student, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
To date no rodents have been observed on the island. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
127 |
Monitor for disease and control, if necessary |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
To date no diseases have been identified as threats. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
128 |
Ensure availability of pollination vectors |
Not Started |
|
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Other |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
For these species, the pollinator still needs to be determined. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
1 |
129 |
Control other threats, as necessary |
Not Started |
|
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division |
Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control |
Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task has not been started because no other threats have been identified. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
21 |
Collect diagnostic data on crucial ecosystem components and map alien vegetation |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Habitat Requirements |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
Critical habitat, and the suitable habitat from which critical habitat was derived, has been identified for all species in this recovery plan. Additional studies are needed to develop more precise microclimate needds for each species. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
22 |
Study various aspects of growth |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance |
The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of the species. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
23 |
Study reproductive viability |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of the species. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
24 |
Determine parameters of viable populations |
Not Started |
|
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Other: Regulations, Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
25 |
Determine kind and degree of threat posed by selected introduced organisms and diseases |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Management Techniques, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Disease |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance |
The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys, and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand this aspect of the species. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
26 |
Determine control methods to combat threats |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Management Techniques |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance |
This task is limited due to the infrequent visits to the island. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
27 |
Develop seed storage, propagation, and outplanting |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, Botanical Gardens, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Propagation, Management: Reintroduction |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited due to the infrequent visits to the island, and therefore the ex situ material available for reintroduction is limited. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) |
2 |
28 |
Research and clarify taxonomy of Pritchardia genus |
Ongoing Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, Botanical Gardens |
Research: Taxonomic Studies |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract |
New genetic studies are ongoing at CSU. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
29 |
Evaluate results and use in future management |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Management Techniques, Research: Taxonomic Studies, Research: Propagation, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) |
2 |
41 |
Assess suitability and feasibility of reintroduction of Pritchardia remota |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Reintroduction, Management: Planning |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) |
2 |
42 |
Prepare sites |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division |
Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control |
Volunteer, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) |
2 |
43 |
Outplant and monitor |
Ongoing Not Current |
FY 1995 - FY 1999 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division |
Management: Reintroduction, Research: Population Surveys |
Volunteer, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) |
2 |
44 |
Control threats |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services (formerly Animal Damage Control), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control |
Volunteer, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
51 |
Investigate feasibility and desirability of introduction of three species |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Reintroduction, Management: Planning |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
52 |
Identify specific introduction sites on other Hawaiian islands |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division |
Management: Reintroduction, Management: Planning |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
53 |
Protect and prepare establishment sites and plant |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Management: Reintroduction, Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control |
Volunteer, Contract, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
2 |
54 |
Monitor and maintain new populations |
Ongoing Not Current |
Prior to FY 1995 |
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division |
Research: Population Surveys, Research: Demographic Studies |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance |
This task is limited based on material available in ex situ collections. |
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
3 |
61 |
Determine number of populations needed for long term survival |
Not Started |
FY 2011 |
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Other: Regulations, Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Management Techniques, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
3 |
62 |
Determine number of individuals needed for long-term survival |
Not Started |
FY 2011 |
|
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Researchers for Nihoa Plant Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Other: Regulations, Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Management Techniques, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
| Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota), No common name (Amaranthus brownii), No common name (Schiedea verticillata) |
3 |
63 |
Refine/revise downlisting and delisting criteria |
Not Started |
|
|
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division |
Other: Regulations, Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Management Techniques, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Genetics |
Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance |
|
|
