U.S. FWS
Environmental Conservation Online System
Conserving the Nature of America

Recovery Plan Action Status

Plan Name: Northern Monkshood
Plan Status: Final
Plan Date: 23-Sep-83
Lead Agency: USFWS
Lead Office: Green Bay Ecological Services Field Office ( (920) 866-1717 )
Species Action Priority # Action # Action Description Action Status Est. Initiation Date Est. Completion Date Responsible Parties Work Type Labor Type Action Comments Implementation Activities
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1111 White Pine Hollow, IA Complete Prior to FY 1995 Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: General Internal Administrative Iowa DNR owns all land with N. Monkshood
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1112 Buck Creek, IA Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 The Nature Conservancy, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: General Graduate Student TNC Owns preserves on Buck Creek but additional acquisition is needed for complete protection
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1113 Loddes Mill Bluff, WI Complete Prior to FY 1995 FY 2000 - FY 2004 State agencies Acquisition: Fee Title Internal Technical Assistance This site is owned by UW-Madison and is a State Natural Area.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11201 Yellow River, IA Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Internal Technical Assistance Private landowners contacted periodically by FWS
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11202 Maquoketa, IA Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Internal Technical Assistance Pribate landowners contacted periodically by FWS
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11203 Miner's Creek, IA Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Internal Technical Assistance Private landowners contacted periodically by FWS
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11204 Pine Creek, IA Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Labor type not yet selected Private landowners contacted periodically by FWS
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11205 Peekamoose, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11206 Drybrook, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: General Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11207 Beaverbrook, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11208 Watson Hollow, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11209 Nelson, OH Obsolete Prior to FY 1995 FY 2000 - FY 2004 Ohio Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: General Internal Technical Assistance N Monkshood down to one plant in 1999. OH DNR anticipated NM extirpation at this site in 2000.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11210 Chase Creek, WI Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: Fee Title Internal Technical Assistance WDNR (Darcy Kind) spoke to 2 landowners in 2008 about permanent proection of site. The Mississippi Valley Conservacy is planning to close on purchase of about 98 acres including the monkshood site in 2010.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11211 Coon Valley, WI Complete Prior to FY 1995 FY 2000 - FY 2004 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: Fee Title Internal Technical Assistance This site is owned by WDNR and a State Natural Area.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 11212 Pine River, WI Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Management: Other Internal Field Assistance Site is privately owned. In 2008, WDNR reported having a good relationship with the landoweners. In 2010 WDNR reported continued good landowner relations and that the and is in a family trust.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1131 Yellow River, IA Unknown Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1132 Paint Creek, IA Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Internal Technical Assistance State forest personnel are aware of monkshood and are protecting it; both FWS and IO DNR provide outreach to them.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1133 Elkader, IA Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Other: Information and Education Internal Technical Assistance FWS has advised county highway personnel of monkshood - they have maps of sites.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1134 Peekamoose, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: Fee Title Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1135 Beaverbrook, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 1136 Kickapoo River, WI Complete Prior to FY 1995 FY 2000 - FY 2004 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Internal Technical Assistance Planned COE LaFarge Dam no longer a threat, site protected. Sites part of the Kickapoo Valley Preserve.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 121 Cary Arboretum, NY Unknown Cary Arboretum, NY, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Internal Technical Assistance
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 122 Other Research Partially Complete Prior to FY 1995 FY 2010 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Research: Propagation Species Expert Cinncinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden (OH) successfully reproduced N Monkshood through cloning; tissue cultures are stored at the Zoo. In 2006, 25 cloned plants are to be planted at two sites in OH to help boost populations. In 2009 collected tissue from Portage, OH site but was destroyed in lab. In 2010 according to Summit Metro Parks no clones have survived in the wild. In 2010 the Zoo continued to produce plants from tissue culture lines they maintain; currently they have 10 plants in soil, 4 of which were placed in raised beds outdoors. The Zoo is trying to cryopreserve the lines but thus far have not been successful in getting survival after freezing. See also No. 31. The Cincinnati Zoo continues to grow clones of monkshood plants. In 2012 two plants were received from Cincinnati Zoo CREW program and planted in 2 new areas of Gorge Metro Park in Ohio; one plant survived and the other did not.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 1 13 Taxonomic Studies Ongoing Not Current FY 2000 - FY 2004 Rutgers State University Work type not yet selected Graduate Student, Species Expert The Flora of North America (Brink & Woods, 1997) moved A. noveborascece to a subspecies under A. columbianum. Bonnie Farrell of Rutgers University (NJ) completed a MA in 2008 on N. Monkshood to further the understanding of the phylogeny of the species and provide insight on its genetics; the reseach found that some (but not all) A. noveborascense form bulbils in leaf axils in the fall; she believes her works supports A. noveborascense as a distinct genetic entity.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 14 Life History Research Complete Prior to FY 1995 Prior to FY 1995 State agencies, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Contract Population Biology of N Monkshood in Iowa completed 1988. Life History and Demography of NMonkshood in NY State completed in 1990.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 15 Monitor Populations Partially Complete Prior to FY 1995 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Management: Population Monitoring Internal Field Assistance Sites in IO, WI and OH monitored in 2006. Up through 2006, the Driftless Area NWR in Iowa monitored 1/3 of its Monkshood sites annually, with populations generally remaining stable. In 2007 sites were monitored in OH, NY, and WI. In 2008, 2009, and 2010 sites were monitored in WI and OH. Not all WI sites are monitored annually; 2011 anecdotal, opportunistic data indicate populations are stable to perhaps slightly increasing at a few sites. In 2011 sites were surveyed in OH at both sites. In 2012 sites were surveyed in OH; Gorge Metro Park and Crane Hollow. 2012 surveys at Gorge Metro Park showed a 20% decrease number of plants in 2011 (297 to 239). Crane Hollow survey will be completed September 2012. Gorge Metro Park continues to be impacted by salt due to previous highway drainage conditions. In 2012 six sites were surveyed in NY. It appears that 2 NY sites are close to being extirpated (Lower and Middle Beaverkill), 2 sites (Peakamoose Gorge and High Falls Brook) were severely impacted by deer browse (with population decline of 80% at Peakamoose since 2007). Dry Brook Ridge seems to be stable and is most likely largest site in NY (325 plants) due to decline at Peakamoose. Surveys were conducted at 10 sites in WI in 2012. Garlic mustard threat at Loddes Mill Bluff and drought may have negatively affected many/most of populations in WI. Although populations in WI have not recovered to pre-2008 status (large-scale flooding), they have remained stable (some sites have decreased and others have increased since 2011 surveys). No surveys were conducted in IA in 2012. Nuisance plant control conducted at some sites every year.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 16 Deauthorize Project Complete Prior to FY 1995 Prior to FY 1995 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Congress, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition Internal Field Assistance COE's LaFarge Dam project will not be built; site protected.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 17 Revise NY Law Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 211 Northeast IA Unknown Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 212 Catskills, NY Unknown New York State Museum (State Botantist), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 213 Northeast OH Unknown Ohio Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 214 Southwest WI Unknown Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 22 New Acquisition Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 State agencies, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Acquisition: General Internal Technical Assistance
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 23 Protective Zoning Unknown State agencies, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 24 Scientific Awareness Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 State agencies, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 2511 Maquoketa, IA Unknown Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 2512 Pine Creek, IA Unknown Iowa Conservation Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 2513 Akron, OH Ongoing Current City of Akron, OH, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation Internal Field Assistance In 2010, habitat management was conducted at the Crane Hollow site (tree removal) and at Gorge Metropark sites (invasive pulling and spraying/tree removal). Tree removal resulting in more sun may have adversely affected the plants at Site 1A at Gorge Metropark.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 2521 Beaverbrook, NY Unknown New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 2522 Nelson, OH Obsolete Prior to FY 1995 FY 2000 - FY 2004 Ohio Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Internal Field Assistance The Nelson Mills populaiton was down to 1 non-flowering plant in 1999 and not expected to survive per a monitoring report dated 1/25/2000 by Jennifer Windus of ODNR.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 253 New Seedlings Unknown Ohio Department of Natural Resources Research: Propagation Species Expert In 1983 this action pertained to setting up seed plots at Nelson, OH - actions pertaining to this are unknown. In the fall of 2009, seeds were collected by Summit Metro Park in OH and disseminated at 2 historic OH sites and 3 potential offsite locations. As of August 2010, no seedlings have been produced.
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 2 254 Pilot Transplants Unknown State agencies, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Work type not yet selected Labor type not yet selected
Northern wild monkshood (Aconitum noveboracense) 3 31 tissue culture techniques Ongoing Current FY 2000 - FY 2004 Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden Management: Propagation Species Expert Cinncinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden (OH) have reproduced N Monkshood through cloning; tissue cultures are stored at the Zoo. In 2006, 25 cloned plants were planted at two sites in OH to help boost populations. In 2009 tissue was collected from Portage, OH site but was destroyed in the lab. In 2010 according to Summit Metro Parks no clones survive in the wild. In 2010 the Zoo continued to produce plants from tissue culture lines they maintain; currently they have 10 plants in soil, 4 of which were placed in raised beds outdoors. The Zoo is trying to cryopreserve the lines but thus far have not been successful in getting survival after freezing. In 2011, the Zoo was successful in transplanting 7 plants from 4 clones into raised beds; some of the plants flowered and produced seed. The Cincinnati Zoo continues to grow clones (2012) of monkshood and two cones were planted in new locations within the Gorge Metro Park.
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