haha (Cyanea crispa)

Listing Status: Endangered

Where Listed: WHEREVER FOUND

General Information

Cyanea crispa, a member of the Campanulaceae (bellflower) family, is an unbranched shrub with leaves clustered at the ends of succulent stems. The broad oval leaves, 30 to 75 cm (12 to 30 in) long and 9 to 16 cm (3.5 to 6.3 in) wide, have undulating, smooth or toothed leaf margins. Each leaf is on a stalk 0.8 to 4 cm (0.3 to 1.6 in) long. Clusters of three to eight fuzzy flowers grow on stalks 2 to 3 cm (0.8 to 1.2 in) long, with each flower borne on a stalk 1 to 2 cm (0.4 to 0.8 in) long. The calyx lobes are oval or oblong, 6 to 12 mm (0.2 to 0.5 in) long, and often overlapping at their base. The fused petals, 4 to 6 cm (1.6 to 2.4 in) long and fuzzy, are pale magenta with darker longitudinal stripes. The fruits are spherical berries 1 cm (0.4 in) in diameter and contain·many minute, dark seeds.
Current Listing Status Summary

» Range Information

Current Range
Last Updated: 05-18-2021 - Wherever found
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  • Wherever found

    Listing status: Endangered

    • States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: Hawaii
    • US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All
    • USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: 

» Candidate Information

No Candidate information available for this species.

No Candidate Assessments available for this species.

No Candidate Notice of Review Documents currently available for this species.

No Uplisting Documents currently available for this species.

» Federal Register Documents

Federal Register Documents

» Species Status Assessments (SSAs)

Species Status Assessments (SSAs)

No Species Status Assessments (SSA's) are currently available for this species.

Special Rule Publications

No Special Rule Publications currently available for this species.

» Conservation Plans

No Conservation Plans currently available for this species.

» Petitions

No Petitions currently available for this species.

» Biological Opinions

To see all FWS Issued Biological Opinions please visit the BO Report.

» Life History

Habitat Requirements

Cyanea crispa occurs in habitats ranging from steep, open mesic forest to gentle slopes or moist gullies of closed wet forest, at elevations between 185 and 730 m (600 and 2,400 ft). Associated native species include Hibiscus arnottianus (kokio keokeo), Cyanea spp. (haha), Microsorum spectrum (peahi), Cyrtandra spp. (haiwale), Pisonia spp. (papala kepau), and Touchardia latifolia (olona).

Movement / Home Range

Historically, Cyanea crispa was known from scattered locations throughout the upper elevations of the Koolau mountains of Oahu from Kaipapau Valley to the north to Waialae Iki Ridge to the southeast. Currently it ranges from Wailupe to Helemano in the Koolau mountains.

Reproductive Strategy

Cyanea crispa has been observed flowering from April through July.

Other

Cyanea crispa is distinguished from other species in this endemic Hawaiian genus by its leaf shape, distinct calyx lobes, and the length of the flowers and stalks of flower clusters.

» Other Resources

NatureServe Explorer Species Reports-- NatureServe Explorer is a source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals and ecological communtities of the U.S and Canada. NatureServe Explorer provides in-depth information on rare and endangered species, but includes common plants and animals too. NatureServe Explorer is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with the Natural Heritage Network.

ITIS Reports-- ITIS (the Integrated Taxonomic Information System) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

FWS Digital Media Library -- The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library is a searchable collection of selected images, historical artifacts, audio clips, publications, and video." +

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