Haha (Cyanea recta)

Listing Status: Threatened

Where Listed: WHEREVER FOUND

General Information

Cyanea recta, a member of the bellflower family (Campanulaceae), is an unbranched shrub up to 1.5 m (3.3 to 4.9 ft) tall. The narrowly elliptic leaves are 12 to 28 cm (4.7 to 11 in) long and 1.2 to 5 cm (0.5 to 2 in) wide, with minutely toothed margins. The upper surface is green and smooth, while the lower surface is whitish green to pale green, and smooth or hairy. Five to seven flowers are arranged on an inflorescence stalk 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) long, each having an individual stalk 5 to 17 mm (0.2 to 0.7 in) in length. The densely hairy flowers are purple or white with purple longitudinal stripes, 3 to 4 cm (1.2 to 1.6 in) long, and 3 to 4 mm (0.1 to 0.2 in) wide, with spreading lobes. The staminal column is smooth or sparsely hairy at the base. The anthers are covered with minute epidermal projections, the lower two with tufts of white hairs at the tip. The fruit is an egg-shaped, purple berry.
Current Listing Status Summary

» Range Information

Current Range
Last Updated: 05-21-2021 - Wherever found
Zoom in! Some species' locations may be small and hard to see from a wide perspective. To narrow-in on locations, check the state and county lists (below) and then use the zoom tool.
Want the FWS's current range for all species? Click here to download a zip file containing all individual shapefiles and metadata for all species.
* For consultation needs do not use only this current range map, please use IPaC.

Current range maps are only shown within the jurisdictional boundaries of the United States of America. The species may also occur outside this region.

  • Wherever found

    Listing status: Threatened

    • States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: Hawaii
    • US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All
    • USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: 

» Candidate Information

No Candidate information available for this species.

No Candidate Assessments available for this species.

Candidate Notice of Review Documents

No Uplisting Documents currently available for this species.

» Federal Register Documents

Federal Register Documents

» Species Status Assessments (SSAs)

Species Status Assessments (SSAs)

No Species Status Assessments (SSA's) are currently available for this species.

Special Rule Publications

No Special Rule Publications currently available for this species.

» Conservation Plans

Habitat Conservation Plans (HCP) (learn more)

» Petitions

No Petitions currently available for this species.

» Biological Opinions

To see all FWS Issued Biological Opinions please visit the BO Report.

» Life History

Habitat Requirements

Cyanea recta occurs in lowland wet or mesic Metrosideros polymorpha (ohia) forest in gulches or on slopes, typically between 396 and 853 m (1,300 and 2,800 ft) elevation. Associated native species include Antidesma platyphyllum (hame), Boehmeria grandis (akolea), Cheirodendron platyphyllum (lapalapa), Cibotium spp. (hapuu), Dicranopteris linearis (uluhe), Diplazium spp. (hoio), Hydrangea arguta (kanawao), Ilex anomala (kawau), Kadua affinis (manono), Machaerina angustifolia (uki), Myrsine lessertiana (kolea lau nui), Perrottetia sandwicensis (olomea), Pipturus albidus (mamake), Psychotria spp. (kopiko), Sadleria sp. (amau), and Syzygium sandwicensis (ohia ha).

Movement / Home Range

Historically, Cyanea recta was found in upper Hanalei Valley, Waioli Valley, Hanapepe Valley, Kalalau cliffs, Wainiha Valley, Makaleha mountains, Limahuli Valley, Powerline Trail, and the Lehua Makanoe-Alakai area on Kauai. Currently, C. recta occurs at Lumahai, Waioli Valley, Wainiha Valley, Makaleha mountains, Puu Eu, Halelea FR, Kealia FR, and the Lihue-Koloa FR.

Reproductive Strategy

Cyanea recta has been observed flowering and fruiting nearly year-round.

Other

Cyanea recta is distinguished from other species in the genus on Kauai by the following collective characteristics: horizontal or ascending inflorescence, narrowly elliptic leaves 12 to 28 cm (4.7 to 11 in) long, flat leaf margins, and purple berries. Cyanea salicina apparently falls within the geographical boundaries of C. recta and may not be worthy of species distinction. Individuals identified as C. salicina in Wainiha fit the description of C. recta at different periods of flowering. Cyanea recta differs from C. salicina in having larger bracts, pedicels, and hypanthium, a broader corolla tube and color differences.

» Other Resources

NatureServe Explorer Species Reports-- NatureServe Explorer is a source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals and ecological communtities of the U.S and Canada. NatureServe Explorer provides in-depth information on rare and endangered species, but includes common plants and animals too. NatureServe Explorer is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with the Natural Heritage Network.

ITIS Reports-- ITIS (the Integrated Taxonomic Information System) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

FWS Digital Media Library -- The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library is a searchable collection of selected images, historical artifacts, audio clips, publications, and video." +

Loading...