Species Profile for `Aiea(Nothocestrum breviflorum)

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`Aiea (Nothocestrum breviflorum)

Taxonomy:

View taxonomy in ITIS

Listing Status: Endangered

Where Listed: WHEREVER FOUND

General Information

Nothocestrum breviflorum, a member of the Solanaceae (nightshade) family, is a stout tree 10 to 12 m (33 to 39 ft) tall with a trunk up to 45 cm (18 in) in diameter, has deciduous, alternate, stalked, oblong or elliptic-oblong, thick and papery textured, toothless leaves which are 5 to 12 cm (2 to 4.7 in) long and 3 to 6 cm (1.2 to 2.4 in) wide. Numerous bisexual, radially symmetrical flowers are clustered at the ends of short spurs (branches with much shortened internodes) on individual stalks 4 to 10 mm (0.2 to 0.4 in) long. Each flower consists of a 6 to 11 mm (0.2 to 0.4 in) long, four-lobed tubular calyx split on one side and a greenish-yellow four-lobed corolla which barely projects beyond the calyx. The fruit, a somewhat spherical or oblong, orange-red berry about 6 to 8 mm (0.2 to 0.3 in) in diameter, is enclosed by the calyx.

Current Listing Status Summary

Show entries

Status	Date Listed	Lead Region	Where Listed
Endangered	03-04-1994	Pacific Region (Region 1)	Wherever found

Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries

» Range Information

Current Range

Last Updated: 08-13-2021 - Wherever found

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* For consultation needs do not use only this current range map, please use IPaC.

Current range maps are only shown within the jurisdictional boundaries of the United States of America. The species may also occur outside this region.

Wherever found
Listing status: Endangered

States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: Hawaii
US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All

USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge

State	County
Hawaii	Hawaii

» Candidate Information

No Candidate information available for this species.

No Candidate Assessments available for this species.

No Candidate Notice of Review Documents currently available for this species.

No Uplisting Documents currently available for this species.

» Federal Register Documents

Federal Register Documents

Show entries

Date	Citation Page	Title
03/23/2023	88 FR 17611 17614	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 133 Species in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, California, Nevada, Hawaii, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
05/07/2018	83 FR 20088 20092	Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 156 Species in Oregon, Washington, Hawaii, Palau, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands
04/08/2010	75 FR 17947 17950	5-Year Status Reviews of 69 Species in Idaho, Washington, Hawaii, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
07/02/2003	68 FR 39623 39672	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Final Designation and Nondesignation of Critical Habitat for 46 Plant Species From the Island of Hawaii, HI
12/18/2002	67 FR 77464 77465	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designations of Critical Habitat for Plant Species From the Island of Hawaii, HI
09/24/2002	67 FR 59811 59813	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designations of Critical Habitat for Plant Species from the Island of Hawaii, Hawaii; public hearing announcement
08/26/2002	67 FR 54766 54767	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designations and Non-designations of Critical Habitat for Plant Species From the Islands of Kauai, Niihau, Maui, Kahoolawe, Molokai, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Hawaii, and Oahu, Hawaii; Alll Plants Open comment Period
05/28/2002	67 FR 36968 37016	ETWP; Designations of Critical Habitat for Plant Species From the Island of Hawaii, Hawaii
03/04/1994	59 FR 10305 10325	ETWP; Determination of Endangered or Threatened Status for 21 Plants From the Island of Hawaii, State of Hawaii
12/17/1992	57 FR 59951 59970	ETWP; Proposed Endangered Status for 22 Plants from the Island of Hawaii, State of Hawaii; 57 FR 59951 59970

Showing 1 to 10 of 10 entries

» Species Status Assessments (SSAs)

Species Status Assessments (SSAs)

No Species Status Assessments (SSA's) are currently available for this species.

Special Rule Publications

No Special Rule Publications currently available for this species.

» Recovery

Species with Recovery Documents Data Explorer
Recovery Priority Number: 5

Current Recovery Plan(s)

Show entries

Date	Plan Stage	Recovery Plan	Implementation Status	SSAs/Biological Reports	Recovery Implementation Strategies
09/26/1996	Final	Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster	View Implementation Progress

Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries

Date	Citation Page	Title	Document Type
03/23/2023	88 FR 17611 17614	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 133 Species in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, California, Nevada, Hawaii, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands	Five Year Review Notice, Information Solicitation
05/07/2018	83 FR 20088 20092	Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 156 Species in Oregon, Washington, Hawaii, Palau, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands	Five Year Review Notice, Information Solicitation
04/08/2010	75 FR 17947 17950	5-Year Status Reviews of 69 Species in Idaho, Washington, Hawaii, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands	Five Year Review Notice, Information Solicitation

Date	Title
09/28/2020	`Aiea(Nothocestrum breviflorum) 5-Year Review
08/28/2012	`Aiea(Nothocestrum breviflorum) 5-Year Review

» Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat Spatial Extents

Population(s)

Wherever found

Critical Habitat Documents

Show entries

Date	Citation Page	Title	Critical Habitat Shapefile	Document Type
07/02/2003	68 FR 39623 39672	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Final Designation and Nondesignation of Critical Habitat for 46 Plant Species From the Island of Hawaii, HI	Download	Final

Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries

To learn more about critical habitat please see https://ecos.fws.gov/crithab

» Conservation Plans

No Conservation Plans currently available for this species.

» Petitions

No Petitions currently available for this species.

» Biological Opinions

To see all FWS Issued Biological Opinions please visit the BO Report.

» Life History

Habitat Requirements

Nothocestrum breviflorum occurs in dry to occasionally mesic forest at 146 to 1,948 m (500 to 6,390 ft) on aa lava substrate, including dry cinder cones, dominated by Metrosideros polymorpha (ohia), Acacia koa (koa), and/or Diospyros sandwicensis (lama). Associated native species include Bidens micrantha (kokoolau), Colubrina oppositifolia (kauila), Delissea undulata, Dodonaea viscosa (aalii), Erythrina sandwicensis (wiliwili), Hibiscadelphus hualalaiensis (hau kuahiwi), Kokia drynarioides (kokio), Mezoneuron kavaiensis (uhiuhi), Myoporum sandwicense (naio), Osteomeles anthyllidifolia (ulei), Psydrax odorata (alahee), Santalum spp. (iliahi), and Sophora chrysophylla (mamane).

Movement / Home Range

Historically, Nothocestrum breviflorum was found only on the island of Hawaii from the southern portion of the Kohala mountains, the northern slope of Hualalai, and the eastern, southern, and western slopes of Mauna Loa. Currently, Nothocestrum breviflorum occurs in the Puuwaawaa area and the Puuwaawaa Forest Bird Sanctuary.

Reproductive Strategy

Nothocestrum breviflorum has been observed flowering in July, October, and December, and fruiting in June and December. Nothocestrum breviflorum produces seed infrequently. The flowers have a slightly sweet odor.

Other

Nothocestrum breviflorum is distinguished from others in the genus by its leaf shape, the clusters of more than three flowers arranged on the ends of short branches, and the broad fruit enclosed by the calyx. Nothocestrum breviflorum is reportedly a host species for a cerambycid (long-horned) beetle, Plagithmysus simplicicollis. The foliage is also a host for the native sphingid moth, Manduca blackburni (Blackburns sphinx moth).

» Other Resources

NatureServe Explorer Species Reports-- NatureServe Explorer is a source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals and ecological communtities of the U.S and Canada. NatureServe Explorer provides in-depth information on rare and endangered species, but includes common plants and animals too. NatureServe Explorer is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with the Natural Heritage Network.

ITIS Reports-- ITIS (the Integrated Taxonomic Information System) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.

FWS Digital Media Library -- The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library is a searchable collection of selected images, historical artifacts, audio clips, publications, and video." +