Recovery Plan Ad Hoc Report results

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Plan Title Plan Stage Plan Lead Region (FWS) Plan Lead Office (FWS) Species Common Name Species Scientific Name Action Priority Action Number Action Description Action Status Estimated Initiation Date Estimated Completion Date Action Lead Agencies Responsible Parties Work Types Labor Types Comments Implementation Activity Number Implementation Activity Description Implementation Activity Status Implementation Activity Estimated Initiation Date Implementation Activity Estimated Completion Date Implementation Activity Labor Types Implementation Activity Work Types Implementation Activity Responsible Parties Implementation Activity Comments Implementation Activity Species
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 111 Locate, verify and delineate all extant wild populations Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, National Park Service Research: Population Surveys Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance This is an ongoing action, as the status of the species and their threats change constantly. NOTE: For all tasks in this recovery plan, only the 22 species in the first Big Island plan are being addressed. The other 13 are addressed in the Big Island addendum.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 112 Delineate management units for preservation Partially Complete Prior to FY 1995 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Management: Planning Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance This task has been intiated through the development of essential plant habitat by the HPPRCC and CH designations, but needs to be refined for each species and its full recovery needs.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 1132 Continue and enhance protection on other public lands Partially Complete Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Acquisition Internal Administrative This task is complete for Three Mountain Alliance Management Group, partially complete for DLNR's Puu Waawaa area and several small DLNR exclosures throughout the Big Island for individual species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 1133 Continue and enhance protection on private lands Partially Complete FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Private landowners, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Acquisition: Lease, Acquisition: Easement, Acquisition: Management Agreement, Acquisition: Exchange, Acquisition: Fee Title, Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Administrative This task is partially complete for Kilauea and Keauhou lands within the Three Mountain Alliance Management Group.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 121 Develop management plans for each management unit Partially Complete FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Management: Planning Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Three Mountain Alliance MG and NPS have strategic plans, DOD is in the process of developing one for Pohakuloa Training Area, NWR is in the process of developing one for Hakalau, and DLNR is in the process of developing one for Puu Waawaa.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12211 Construct and maintain fencing Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance This task is ongoing for TMAMG, NWR, NPS, DOD, and DLNR. Additional fencing is planned for all of these lands. However, there are still areas of suitable habitat needed for recovery that are not fenced or planned.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12213 Consider eradication programs for control of ungulates Discontinued FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Administrative This task was discontinued in 2000 because the political climate in Hawaii at this time will not support island-wide eradication of nonnative ungulates, which are hunted for food.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12222 Control gastropods, insects, etc. found to be harmful to listed species Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Predator and Competitor Control Volunteer, Graduate Student, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Effective control methods for most gastropods and insects in Hawaii are not yet developed for use in natural forest habitats. Methods are in the development phase for gastropods and some insect pests.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12231 Establish impacts of alien plants and determine species necessary to control Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, National Park Service Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Identity of alien plants needing control is an ongoing task that will never be complete, as new pest plant species are continually introduced to Hawaii and can become established in natural areas.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12232 Determine effective control methods and implement alien plant control program Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Control of alien plants is an ongoing task that may be reduced to low maintenance and monitoring levels, but will never be completely eradicated, especially as new pest plant species are continually introduced to Hawaii and can become established in natural areas. Effective control methods are continually being developed by the Invasive Species Committees on each island and the results are applied to other natural areas.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 1224 Control diseases, as necessary Not Started Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawaii Department of Agriculture Management: Disease Control Graduate Student, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance This task has not been started because no disease threat has been detected for any of these species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12251 Determine impacts of wildfire on taxa Complete FY 1995 - FY 1999 FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Research: Management Techniques Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance The negative impacts of fire on Hawaiian ecosystems are now well understood, and efforts are necessary to control wildfire in any dry habitats.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12252 Develop and implement fire protection and response plans Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Planning Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Fire plans have been developed and are being implemented for Puu Waawaa (DLNR), Hawaii Volcanoes National Park (NPS) and Pohakuloa Training (DOD). The Hawaii County Fire Department is aware of the Isodendrion pyrularium and other endangered plant populations at Kealakehe in case of a fire in that area. Most of the other species do not inhabit high fire risk habitats.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 12261 Determine impacts of managed hunting and other recreational activities Partially Complete FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Research: Predation, Research: Other Information Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance The negative impacts of maintaining a population of nonnative ungulates for public hunting purposes is well understood, and therefore the only acceptible level of nonnative ungulates in an area managed for endangered species recovery is zero. The impacts of other recreational uses are not as well understood, and research continues on these threats.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 123 Monitor status of wild populations Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, National Park Service, Private landowners Research: Population Surveys Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance This task is ongoing, but does not occur as frequently as it should - sporatic but more frequent for extremely rare species (<50 individuals in the wild).
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 124 Revise management plans, as necessary Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Planning Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance Management plans include adaptive management, and therefore are changed whenever monitoring indicates alternative methods may be needed to fully implement a particular task of if a particular task is no longer needed.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 13 Maintain genetic stock of each taxon ex situ Partially Complete Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Management: Propagation Volunteer, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance This task is complete for Clermontia pelana, Isodendrion pyrifolium and Delissea undulata (Delissea argutidentata under its most recent taxonomic treatment as a Big Island extinct endemic), but for the other species in this recovery plan the existing ex situ collections are not genetically adequate.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 1 44 Maintain, monitor and evaluate new populations Ongoing Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control, Management: Planning, Research: Population Surveys Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance This task is ongoing whenever new populations are located.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 12212 Evaluate alternative means for control of ungulates Complete FY 1995 - FY 1999 FY 2000 - FY 2004 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Studies on the control of feral ungulates have been conducted for numerous other areas, and the results of these studies are being used to determine the best method of ungulate control in suitable habitats for these species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 21 Establish ecosystem history and collect diagnostic data on associated ecosystem components Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance Critical habitat, and the suitable habitat from which critical habitat was derived, has been identified for all species in this recovery plan. Additional studies are needed to develop more precise microclimate needs for each species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 22 Define habitat requirements for each taxon Partially Complete Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Other: Regulations, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Administrative Critical habitat, and the suitable habitat from which critical habitat was derived, has been identified for all species in this recovery plan, but needs to be refined for each species and its full recovery needs.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 23 Determine population characteristics for each taxon Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Demographic Studies Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during field surveys and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand these aspects of the species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 24 Determine the reproductive potential of each taxon Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Population Surveys, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Genetics Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand these aspects of the species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 251 Study pollen and seed formation Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Demographic Studies Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand these aspects of the species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 252 Study pollination ecology Ongoing Not Current FY 1995 - FY 1999 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Population Surveys, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Migration Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during field surveys and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand these aspects of the species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 253 Study germination and seedling establishment Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Management Techniques, Research: Taxonomic Studies, Research: Demographic Studies, Research: Propagation, Research: Migration, Research: Predation, Research: Competition, Research: Disease, Research: Environmental Contaminants, Research: Reintroduction, Research: Other Information, Research: Genetics Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance The current knowledge has been gathered mainly from incidental observations during propagation, field surveys and monitoring. More detailed experimental research is needed to fully understand these aspects of the species.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 31 Identify populations for augmentation Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Acquisition: General, Management: Planning Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance Any population of a short-lived perennial with fewer than 50 mature indivudals and a long-lived perennial with fewer than 25 mature individuals that do not exhibit increased reproduction after the major threats are managed is considered for augmentation.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 32 Propagate material for augmentation Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Botanical Gardens, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Management: Propagation, Management: Reintroduction Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance Volcano Rare Plant Facility propagates many species for augmentation by NPS, TMAMG, DLNR, and various private landowners with grants from ES or DLNR. NWR and DOD have their own facilities to propagation material for augmentation.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 33 Prepare sites and augment wild populations Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Management: Reintroduction, Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control, Management: Disease Control Volunteer, Contract, Internal Field Assistance Augmentations are occurring for some species on NPS, NWR, TMAMG, DLNR, and various private landowners lands, and are planned on DOD lands.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 2 34 Maintain, monitor and evaluate outplantings Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, Private landowners Management: Reintroduction, Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control, Management: Disease Control, Research: Population Surveys, Research: Management Techniques Volunteer, Graduate Student, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance This is an ongoing action, as the status of the species and their threats change constantly, and is currentlly not occurring as frequently as it should - at least once a year.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 3 41 Select new population sites, and obtain approval and long-term protection for site Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service Acquisition: General, Management: Planning Species Expert, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Administrative Sites have been selected on NPS, NWR, TMAMG, DLNR, DOD, and various private landowners lands for reintroduction.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 3 42 Control threats to plants at new sites Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control, Management: Disease Control Volunteer, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Threat control is occurring on NPS, NWR, TMAMG, DLNR, DOD, and various private landowners lands for reintroduction.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 3 43 Transplant selected material Ongoing Not Current Prior to FY 1995 Other U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Department of Defense, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Ola`a Kilauea Management Group Management: Reintroduction Volunteer, Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance Reintroductions are occurring for several species on NPS, NWR, TMAMG, DLNR, and various private landowners lands and are planned on DOD lands. However, more reintroductions are needed to recover most of the species in this plan.
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 3 51 Validate the number of individuals and populations necessary for recovery of each taxon. Not Started U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division, Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Demographic Studies Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance
Recovery Plan for the Big Island Plant Cluster F 1 Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (808) 792-9400 Kauila Colubrina oppositifolia 3 52 Refine/revise downlisting and delisting criteria, as necessary Not Started FY 2012 FY 2014 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Division Management: Planning, Research: Population Surveys, Research: Habitat Status, Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Demographic Studies Species Expert, Contract, Internal Technical Assistance