Report Results

Recovery Plan Ad Hoc Report results

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Document ID=600143

Plan Title	Plan Stage	Plan Lead Region (FWS)	Plan Lead Office (FWS)	Species Common Name	Species Scientific Name	Action Priority	Action Number	Action Description	Action Status	Estimated Initiation Date	Estimated Completion Date	Action Lead Agencies	Responsible Parties	Work Types	Labor Types	Comments	Implementation Activity Number	Implementation Activity Description	Implementation Activity Status	Implementation Activity Estimated Initiation Date	Implementation Activity Labor Types	Implementation Activity Work Types	Implementation Activity Comments
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	11	Secure sites on FS land	Ongoing Current	Prior to FY 1995		Other	U.S. Forest Service	Management: General, Other: Information and Education, Other: Law Enforcement, Other: Regulations, Other: Administration	Species Expert, Internal Technical Assistance, Internal Field Assistance	To date, about 27 protected populations have been secured at Apalachicola National Forest (ANF), Liberty and Franklin counties. The ANF land is federal property and therefore, protected under the Endangered Species Act.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	13	Secure sites on state right-of-ways	Not Started	Prior to FY 1995		Other	Florida Department of Transportation, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Other: Law Enforcement, Other: Regulations, Other: Administration	Labor type not yet selected	A large population of H. flava occurs in ANF SR 65 ROW. FS owns land along right of way, but FL DOT maintains a section along most important population. They adjust maintenance programs and mowing schedules to protect species . This roadside population is protected by the Forest Service, but is subjected to impacts when road maintenance occurs. A management agreement has been in place since 1992 for H. flava area, a 10 mile-segment in SR 65. The Plan was updated in 2015 FY 06 violated mowing schedule which will prevent species from successfully seeding this year. This has been an issue off and one. Mainly making sure that DOT transfer info to their consultant responsible for mowing. FY06, DOT has proposed hwy widening project that may affect this corridor. FWS and FS involved in consultation process.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	14	Secure sites on other land	Ongoing Current	FY 2000 - FY 2004		Other	Region 4 - Ecological Services	Acquisition: General, Acquisition: Easement, Other: Information and Education, Other: Regulations	Labor type not yet selected	Only one population on private land has been reported for Bay County. It was first observed in 2003, and surveyed in 2006 and 2007 (Keppner and Anderson 2008). The authors observed a 61% decline in the number of ramets during the surveyed years (from 115 to 70 ramets) possibly due to drought, a dense mid-story, human error during surveying, or other unknown factors. This population is not protected and conservation measures are needed for the recovery of the species. Access to conduct surveys in subsequent years was denied by the landowner (Ag, Reserves Inc.) to the FWS botanist and other biologists
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	51	Collect baseline data	Ongoing Current	Prior to FY 1995		Other	U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation	Research: Population Surveys, Research: Demographic Studies	Species Expert, Contract, Internal Field Assistance	Current populations have been mapped primarily by FNAI, the U.S. Forest Service (Forest Service), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), and the following baseline data have been collected: Seed ecology studies 2015: Dr. Pérez and graduate student, Ms. Amber Gardner, of Univ. of Florida estimated patterns of viable seed production; germination ecology; and desiccation tolerance of H. flava seeds. Specifically, they aim to determine the seasonal timing of germination and ability of H. flava to form soil seed banks, and whether seed viability is a limiting factor in recruitment and the ability to store seeds under genebank conditions. 2007: Germination studies were conducted at Bok Sanctuary from seeds collected in 2006 and 2007 (Peterson and Campbell 2007). Of the 1,312 seeds, 477 were used in the seed experiments following Wagner and Spira’s (1996) germination protocol. Fifty-one percent of the seeds collected in 2007 germinated, while no germination occurred for the seeds collected in 2006. No additional work was pursued in 2008. 1996: Wagner and Spira’s (1996) preliminary germination trials indicated that seeds are not dormant when they mature. Germination was high from freshly collected seeds grown at 21/10°C conditions and increased with cold stratification. However, Perez and Gardner (2015 pers. comm.) seed study suggests morphological dormancy: the embryo seems underdeveloped at shedding and must grow within the seed prior to germination. Genetics: Godt et al. (1997) examined genetic diversity in 464 individuals collected from ANF seepage bogs and roadside ROW. The authors found no discernable genetic variation between or among the populations; the species was monomorphic for the 22 loci scored. The lack of allozyme variation was explained by the possibility that the progenitors of H. flava had limited genetic diversity and/or that the species may have gone through several bottlenecks during its evolutionary history. Germination studies were conducted at Bok Sanctuary from seeds collected in 2006 and 2007. Herbert Kesler and Jennifer Trusty established in 2010 plots along roadside and natural forest populations in order to determine the effects of fire management and road modifications on this species. Fire effects: Preliminary results after one year of monitoring the 6 natural habitat populations indicate that prescribe fire has a strong influence on demographic rates. Fire promotes H. flava flowering and growth but increases mortality of ramets that have previously produced flowers. Individuals had the greatest probability of flowering 1 year following a burn event. However, even after a burn, only 12-14% of individuals are expected to produce reproductive structures. Individual ramets were not found to flower multiple years in a row and flowering ramets were found to have lower survivorship than vegetative ramets the year of a burn event. These results are based on only one year of data and the effects of fire on population growth and recruitment will be established from future census data. The SR 65 roadside right-of-way supports large populations of H. flava but their importance to species persistence is unknown. Initial findings are that flowering individuals occur at higher densities along roadsides. Flower densities along roadsides averaged 8.3 flowers per meter square compared to 0.5 flowers per meter square in natural forest populations. Future censuses will help determine the survivorship, recruitment and population growth rate of these unique sites.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	521	Identify pollinators and/or vectors	Partially Complete	FY 2000 - FY 2004	FY 2000 - FY 2004	Other	U.S. Forest Service	Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Other Information	Graduate Student	Pitts-Singer et al. (2002) studied the pollinator-plant relationship at two sites located on the ANF. The authors observed five insect species visiting the flowers, but only halictid bees gathered pollen from the flowers. According to the pollination study conducted by Wagner and Spira (1996), selfing might be the main reproductive mechanism for H. flava; this would explain the lack of genetic diversity. Therefore, pollinator services are potentially not necessary for this species, but the flowers¿ pollen may be a food resource for the bees.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	5221	Study hydrology	Unknown			Other	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	Funding included in 5221
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	5222	Study light relations	Not Started			Other	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	Funding included in 5221
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	5223	Study competition	Unknown			Other	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	Funding included in 5221
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	53	Monitor colonies	Ongoing Current	FY 2000 - FY 2004		Other	U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	Experimental Reintroduction: Walker (2015, unpubl. report) tested the success of reintroducing plants to several sites within the ANF using SR 65 roadside populations as source material. Except in one wet habitat, survival exceeded 90%. Specific observations: small or large plants as well as flowering vs. non-flowering plants survive transplantation; habitat quality (water quantity and seasonal patterns of surface flow or inundation) and the timing of relocation are important for survival. Overall, transplanting Harper’s beauty may be a viable recovery strategy, but the strategy could be labor intensive, and may be most effective for smaller scale objectives. 2009-2012: Kesler and Trusty (2012 unpubl. report) studied 14 H. flava roadside and interior ANF populations. According to the study: The forest populations were determined to be declining in size over the study period: with λ = 0.96, in 20 years, only 44% of plants were predicted to remain. Survivorship was lower for roadside marked plants. The authors did not observe seedlings of H. flava. They observed some roadside populations with patches of plants up to 0.5 m in diameter. 2012: Apalachicola National Forest 3 permanent plots compartments 68, 77: monitored since 2000: only 2 plots with plants.	53-1	SR 65 ROW ramets	Ongoing Not Current	2010	Labor type not yet selected	Work type not yet selected	FS and FWS staff counted the flowering stems of H. beauty at the SR 65 ROW. We estimated about 2,728 ramets. The importance of these plants for the survival of the species will be determined by a genetic study.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	541	Do experimental burns	Not Started			Other	U.S. Forest Service	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	542	Do experimental mowing	Not Started			Other	Florida Department of Transportation	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	Mowing is a common practice to maintain rights-of-way (ROWs) in Florida. This action has not been initiated
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	543	Remove competition manually/mechanically	Ongoing Current	FY 2000 - FY 2004		Other	U.S. Forest Service	Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Predator and Competitor Control	Volunteer, Internal Technical Assistance	FS under good mgt with regard to Harpers Beauty through their burn program.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	544	Determine effects of herbicides	Not Started			Other	U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	1	545	Prepare management recommendations	Ongoing Current	FY 2000 - FY 2004		Other	U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation	Management: Habitat Maintenance and Manipulation, Management: Planning	Labor type not yet selected	Kesler and Trusty (2012 unpubl. report) studied 14 H. flava roadside and interior ANF populations. According to the study: • Optimal habitats were recommended to be those with high sun intensity but not burned too frequently as fire reduces plant survivorship and recruitment the year of a burn. Although they recommended a longer fire frequency interval, based on consensus, we recommend a 2-year fire frequency interval. Forest Service and FNAI biologists (2016, pers. comm.) indicated that a long-term fire frequency will promote growth of shrubs, particularly encroachment of Cyrilla racemiflora L., (swamp titi) and saplings in the understory, inhibiting H. flava emergence. • The authors recommend not using solely flowering data to determine if a population is growing or declining through time. Flowering percentages are low, and plants can survive and asexually reproduce for years without ever flowering. Management/general monitoring in ANF: Management is an ongoing action conducted by the Forest Service. The ANF has a yearly 120,000+ acre prescribed burning program (L. Kirn, Forest Service, 2009, pers. comm.). According to L. Kirn (2009, pers. comm.), two to three compartments are burned every year during the growing and dormant seasons. Management of ROW: Mowing is a common practice to maintain rights-of-way (ROWs) in Florida, and the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) has implemented a program of reduced mowing along state highways in order to decrease costs for maintenance roadsides and to encourage the growth of native wildflowers (Keppner, Keppner Biological Services, 2009, pers. comm.). Apalachicola National Forest SR 65 is under a restrictive mowing schedule due to the occurrence of the Harper¿s beauty within the ROW (L. Haddock, FDOT, 2009, pers. comm. to Negron-Ortiz). Protective measures such as restricting the amount of area and timing of mowing were established in the early 1990s to allow seeds to mature and disperse. Currently, these measures are inadequate. For instance, a reoccurring problem of unauthorized mowing outside of dates specified had occurred over the past decade (S. Simpkins 2006, pers. comm. to D. Wolfe, FDOT). Thus, alternative measures should be sought. 2015: SR 65 Management Plan was prepared by DOT (collaboratively with USFWS, USFS) for the section of SR 65 where the Harper’s Beauty is found and include modified maintenance practices to ensure the continued protection of the endangered Harper’s Beauty. The plan will be implemented for 3 years. In addition to mowing restrictions, the Forest Service only allows spot treatment application of herbicide in the ANF to control invasive and exotic species.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	12	Encourage state to list	Complete	Prior to FY 1995	Prior to FY 1995	Other	Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Other: Regulations, Other: Administration	Labor type not yet selected	DOACS has listed species as endangered. Need to find out actual date of listing.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	2	Conduct searches for new colonies	Ongoing Current	Prior to FY 1995		Other	U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Other: Regulations, Research: Population Surveys	Labor type not yet selected	FNAI found a population of Harper’s beauty in the extreme northern part of the Tate's Hell State Forest FS (on continuous basis), DOT consultants (HWY 65 widening project and proposed Gulf Coast Parkway), St Joe consultants (New Bay co area in adjacent suitable habitats) all conducting surveys in FY 05-07. In addition, FWS botanist, and Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI). This recovery action is ongoing and conducted primarily by the Forest Service, FWS botanist, and Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI).
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	23	Train personnel in identification	Ongoing Current	Prior to FY 1995		Other	U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation	Research: Habitat Requirements, Research: Management Techniques	Labor type not yet selected	FS for years has taught and depended on volunteers to teach how to survey for this species.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	31	Maintain representative colonies	Ongoing Current	FY 2006		U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service	U.S. Forest Service	Management: Propagation, Research: Propagation, Research: Reintroduction	Labor type not yet selected	FWS PCFO office contracted to Historic Bok Sanctuary FY 05 to initiate work in FY 06 and 07 for ex situ collection and protection of seeds from representative sites, not all sites.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	32	Deposit seeds in seed bank	Ongoing Current	FY 2006		U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Research: Propagation	Contract	FWS PCFO office contracted to Historic Bok Sanctuary FY 05 to initiate work in FY 06 and 07 for ex situ collection and protection of seeds from representative sites. FS has established cold storage seed bank in Macon, GA. The Historic Bok Sanctuary (Bok Sanctuary), Lake Wales, Florida, possesses 835 seeds in storage (416 in ambient conditions and 419 refrigerated) from a total of 1,312 seeds obtained from seven capsules collected in 2006 and 2007 by L. Keppner (Peterson and Campbell 2007) from the private owner of the Bay County population (L. Keppner, 2009, pers. comm.). The Historic Bok Sanctuary (Bok Sanctuary), Lake Wales, Florida, possesses 835 seeds in storage (416 in ambient conditions and 419 refrigerated) from a total of 1,312 seeds obtained from seven capsules collected in 2006 and 2007 by L. Keppner.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	33	Deposit pollen in pollen bank	Not Started			Other	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	A pollen bank has not been initiated. Cryopreservation of pollen, a simple method of long-term pollen storage, from unique genotypes and clones identified by the 2015 genetic study is recommended.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	34	Make seeds available for research	Partially Complete	FY 2006		U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service	Region 4 - Ecological Services	Management: Propagation, Research: Propagation	Contract	FWS PCFO office contracted to Historic Bok Sanctuary FY 05 to initiate work in FY 06 and 07 for ex situ collection and protection of seeds from representative sites.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	35	Make seeds available for propagation	Ongoing Current	FY 2006		U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Management: Propagation, Management: Reintroduction, Research: Propagation	Labor type not yet selected	FWS PCFO office contracted to Historic Bok Sanctuary FY 05 to initiate work in FY 06 and 07 for ex situ collection and protection of seeds from representative sites.
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	4	Establish additional colonies	Ongoing Current			Other	U.S. Forest Service, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	Experimental Reintroduction: Walker (2015, unpubl. report) tested the success of reintroducing plants to several sites within the ANF using SR 65 roadside populations as source material. Except in one wet habitat, survival exceeded 90%. Specific observations: small or large plants as well as flowering vs. non-flowering plants survive transplantation; habitat quality (water quantity and seasonal patterns of surface flow or inundation) and the timing of relocation are important for survival. Overall, transplanting Harper’s beauty may be a viable recovery strategy, but the strategy
Harper's Beauty	F	4	Panama City Ecological Services Field Office (352) 448-9151	Harper's beauty	Harperocallis flava	3	6	Public education	Ongoing Current	FY 2006		Other	U.S. Forest Service, Florida Department of Transportation, Region 4 - Ecological Services	Work type not yet selected	Labor type not yet selected	FWS biologist, Pkelly gave presentation at Rare Plant Task Force Workshop on status of federal plants including H. Beauty. Louise Kirn has volunteer program which informs folks of plant as well as assists in surveys.